OF THE CAROLINAS & GEORGIA

Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Monocots: Asparagales

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Polygonatum biflorum +   FAMILY Ruscaceae   Go to FSUS key



INCLUDING & INCLUDED WITHIN PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum   FAMILY Liliaceae

INCLUDED WITHIN Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 26 (2002)

Polygonatum biflorum

INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 041-10-002:

Polygonatum biflorum   FAMILY Liliaceae

INCLUDED WITHIN Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)

Polygonatum commutatum

 

COMMON NAME:
Smooth Solomon's Seal


         To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

USDA Forest Service / A Guide to Medicinal Plants of Appalachia. 1969    mpa_page_203

        

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913    pnd_poco7_001_lvd

        

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Hitchcock, A.S. (rev. A. Chase). 1950    pnd_poco7_003_lvd

        

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm090412_010

April    Greenville County    SC

Chestnut Ridge Heritage Preserve

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm090412_014

April    Greenville County    SC

Chestnut Ridge Heritage Preserve

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm120414_990

April    Pickens County    SC

Twin Falls

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm120424_518

April    Pickens County    SC

Jocassee Gorges

Leaves smooth and glaucous beneath, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm120424_521

April    Pickens County    SC

Jocassee Gorges

Flowers 12-21mm long, per Weakley's Flora.

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm150423_511

April    Sevier County    TN

Great Smoky Mountains National Park


click here to see other plants that look similar to this COMPARE Solomon's Plume, Solomon's Seal, Twisted Stalk, and two Bellworts

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm200415_3838

April    Greenville County    SC

Chandler Heritage Preserve

Flowers tubular with 6 short lobes, greenish when young, white when mature, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

Keith Bradley    kab_p_biflorum_03190

April        NC

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm090503_088

May    Polk County    NC

Stems 0.2-2m long, 1.5-15mm in diameter, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm090503_088b

May    Polk County    NC

Flowers usually in pairs from a common stalk, but up to 9 may be present, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

Tim Spira    tpspbiflorum

May        

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm0106a_00

June    Transylvania County    NC

Roadside

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

JK Marlow    jkm0309m_15

September    Greenville County    SC

Berry blue-black, globose, 8-12mm in diameter, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).

image of Polygonatum biflorum +, Smooth Solomon's Seal

Tim Spira    tpspbiflorum2

Month Unknown        

 

 

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Polygonatum biflorum +   FAMILY Ruscaceae

INCLUDING & INCLUDED WITHIN PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum   FAMILY Liliaceae

INCLUDED WITHIN Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 26
Polygonatum biflorum

INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 041-10-002:
Polygonatum biflorum   FAMILY Liliaceae

INCLUDED WITHIN Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Polygonatum commutatum

 

Find by SCIENTIFIC NAME:

1114

Forb
Perennial

Look for it . Depending on variety, it can be found in moist to dry forests and/or on roadbanks, per Weakley's Flora

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

Common to rare, depending on variety and region

map
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)

LEAVES:
Simple
Alternate

FLOWER:
Spring/Summer
Whitish
Radially symmetrical
6 tepals, almost completely connate
6 stamens
Superior ovary
Bisexual

Flowers in drooping axillary clusters

FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Blue-black
Berry

 

TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!



 


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