Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Lamiids: Lamiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Verbena bonariensis
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Check out EDDMapS.org to see where this has been reported.
Read more about Purpletop Vervain at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena bonariensis
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Verbena bonariensis
INCLUDED WITHIN Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida (Wunderlin & Hansen, 2011)
Verbena incompta
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena bonariensis var. conglomerata
INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-002:
Verbena bonariensis FAMILY Verbenaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena bonariensis
COMMON NAME:
Purpletop Vervain, Tall Vervain
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
Stephanie C. Brundage scb_070219Hayesville18ed
July Clay County NC
Clay County Native Botanical Garden
Rapidly growing and erect, stems 3-6' tall, slender, hirsute, rough & square, per Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States.
)
Stephanie C. Brundage scb_070219Hayesville19ed
July Clay County NC
Clay County Native Botanical Garden
Leaves narrowly lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, sessile with clasping bases, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
Stephanie C. Brundage scb_070219Hayesville23ed
July Clay County NC
Clay County Native Botanical Garden
)
Richard and Teresa Ware rtw_verbena_bonariensis_b
August
Corolla tube 4-6(-7)mm, 1.5-2mm longer than the calyx, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Verbena bonariensis
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena bonariensis
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Verbena bonariensis
INCLUDED WITHIN
Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida (Wunderlin & Hansen, 2011)
Verbena incompta
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena bonariensis var. conglomerata
INCLUDED WITHIN
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-002:
Verbena bonariensis
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena bonariensis
2461
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Roadsides, disturbed areas, old fields, per Weakley's Flora
Non-native: South America
Uncommon in Carolina Coastal Plain (rare elsewhere in GA-NC-SC)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)
This plant may be causing problems in natural areas outside its native range, according to authorities such as:
LEAVES:
Simple
Opposite
FLOWER:
Spring/Summer/Fall
Purple
5-lobed calyx
5-lobed salverform corolla
4 stamens, attached to corolla tube
Superior ovary
FRUIT:
Spring/Summer/Fall
Schizocarp of mericarps
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999) p277?
- Wildflowers of the Carolina Lowcountry (Porcher, 1995) p208?
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p344
If a search such as "Carex leptalea var. leptalea" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "Carex leptalea".
Or, to minimize chances of a misspelling, try just "Carex le".
Less is more: If "pencil flower" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "pencil".